Melasma is a skin condition characterized by dark, irregular patches, often appearing on the face. It is caused by an overproduction of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color, and can be triggered by factors like sun exposure and hormonal changes. Brown spots, like age spots or sun spots, are small, flat areas of hyperpigmentation. Laser treatment therapy is a highly effective way to reduce the appearance of discoloration and very often eliminate completely.